National Curriculum
of England

Examples of studies pupils could carry out at key stages 2 and 3

Key Stage 2 History: Breadth of Study and Examples

At Key Stage 2, pupils are expected to gain knowledge, skills, and understanding from various history studies. These studies encompass a local history study, three British history studies, a European history study, and a world history study.

Local History Study:

  • Changes in the local area: Education, population movement, houses and housing, religious practices, treatment of the poor and care of the sick, law and order, sport and leisure.
  • Effects of national events or developments: Prehistoric settlers; the building of a castle or the development of a town; the Civil War; the plague or a cholera epidemic; settlement of people from different cultures in the area.

Romans, Anglo-Saxons, and Vikings in Britain:

  • Roman Settlement Effects: The Roman Conquest, Boudicca, Caratacus, Hadrian’s Wall, Roman villas and towns, and Roman settlement in the local area.
  • Anglo-Saxon Settlement Effects: Arrival of the Anglo-Saxons, conversion to Christianity, Bede and Hilda, Sutton Hoo, and Anglo-Saxon settlement in the local area.
  • Viking Settlement Effects: Viking raids, King Alfred, King Cnut, Jorvik, heroic poems and sagas, and Viking settlement in the local area.

Britain and the Wider World in Tudor Times:

  • Significant Individuals and Events: Henry VIII, Francis Drake, Elizabeth I, Mary Queen of Scots, John and Sebastian Cabot, William Shakespeare.
  • Everyday Life: Life of rich and poor, town and country life differences, education, overseas trade, food and entertainment, medicine, Tudor buildings in the local area.

Victorian Britain:

  • Significant Individuals and Events: Lord Shaftesbury, Robert Owen, Queen Victoria, Florence Nightingale, Mary Seacole, Robert Stephenson, Isambard Kingdom Brunel, David Livingstone, Mary Kingsley, Alexander Graham Bell.
  • Work and Transport Changes: Factory system, education, growth of industrial towns, army and navy service, rail travel, railways’ impact on the local area, factory impact on the local area.

Britain since 1930:

  • Second World War Impact: The Blitz, rationing, land army or home guard, code-breaking, local area’s role in the war.
  • Social and Technological Changes: The depression, National Health Service, Festival of Britain, immigration, new towns, fairer living conditions, domestic appliances, radio, cinema, space travel.

European Study of Ancient Greece:

  • Way of Life: Arts and architecture, houses, citizens and slaves, education, medicine, Olympic Games, theatre, trade, soldiers.
  • Beliefs and Achievements: Athens and Sparta, gods and goddesses, Pheidippides and Marathon, Pericles, Philip of Macedon and Alexander the Great, great scholars.

World Study of a Past Society:

  • Key Features: Relationship with contemporary societies, chronology, rise and fall of civilization, significant places, individuals, and unique historical contributions.
  • Everyday Life: Houses, arts, technology, food, communication, rulers, beliefs, gods and temples, wealth, transport, warfare.

Key Stage 3:
At Key Stage 3, the breadth of study mandates pupils to understand history through: a local history study, three British history studies, a European history study, and two world history studies.

Britain 1066 to 1500:

  • Monarchy and Events: Norman Conquest, Battle of Hastings, Domesday Survey, Henry II, Richard I, John and Magna Carta, Black Death, Henry V, Hundred Years’ War, War of the Roses.
  • Features of Life: Medieval society, monks and nuns, towns, Jews, Hansards, art, written and printed word, Geoffrey Chaucer.

Britain 1500 to 1750:

  • Political and Religious Changes: Reformation, relationships with European countries, Plantations in Ireland, Charles I, Civil Wars, Commonwealth, Restoration, Glorious Revolution, Acts of the Union.
  • Social Changes: Elizabethan poor laws, East India Company, role of women, London rebuilding, Restoration London, medicine and health, Royal Society, arts and architecture.

Britain 1750 to 1900:

  • Expansion and Colonization: American Revolution, Napoleonic Wars, development of Empire.
  • Industrialization: Industrial revolution, agricultural changes, working and living conditions, scientists and inventors, cultural impacts of industrialization.

European Study before 1914:

  • Periods: Neolithic Revolution, Roman Empire, Charlemagne era, Italian Renaissance, French Revolution, German and Italian Unification.
  • Events: Crusades, Reformation, Thirty Years